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铁环装订
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Glossary entry

Chinese term or phrase:

原型药物

English translation:

unchanged metabolite

Added to glossary by Sunny Xia
Aug 5, 2008 06:47
15 yrs ago
11 viewers *
Chinese term

原型药物

Chinese to English Medical Medical (general)
10％是以原型药物由尿液排泄出去。
Proposed translations (English)
5 +1 unchanged metabolite
5 unchanged drug
4 +1 drug that is not metabolized
4 prototype drug

Discussion

Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
本人如此较真不全是为了Kudoz得分，主要是希望医学译文能精准达意，医学文献背后有很深的医理在内，如果对医学原理不甚了了，翻译起来就会不知所措，有时会犯严重的错误，这就是一个例子，好像Anthony说得有理，其实不然。
有时一个词语使用不当，词义完全不同，比如vasoactive prostaglandins vs. vasodilating/vasodilative prostaglandins，这些词语所指内容是不同的，岂可混用？
医学翻译不可不慎啊！
Sunny Xia (asker) Aug 7, 2008:
Dear Weiping and anthonyjoellee, thank you very much for your attention and discussion on this question. I know you are trying to clarify the concept. However, can we just stop here, as I think the best way to solve dispute is to put it aside for one moment. And tomorrow is the opening of thr Olympic Games, lets enjoy the time together.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
事实上，绝大多数药物一经代谢必定发生结构改变，而药物又具有明显的构效关系（即药物结构与药物的药理作用密切相关，所以有时增减一个基团甚至一个原子就能大大改变药物的结构和效应），结构一变，药理作用随之改变，结构和效应均改变了，何来"unchanged"之说？
既然是代谢产物（metabolite）了，又怎么会是原型药物？
所以“unchanged metabolite”完全文不对题。
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
Your statement is subjective and not scientific. Not all substances are METABOLIZED when they are absorbed.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
I have spent nearly 2 hours discussing this with you. Goodbye.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
To not go through the finalities of metabolism is in essence ingesting non-digestable solids that do not undergo metabolism at all. A pinball, a stone. But even these have surface chemicals that are metabolized and become metabolites.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I hope you could understand what I meant.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Weiping you can dispute your claim with Sunny Xia, I have substantiated my claim with prolixity already to those who have an eye for it. End of discussion.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I know that there may be various metabolic pathways for a substance such as phenolphthalein, but some of the substance can "escape" all these pathways and remains not metabolized and unchanged both structurally and functionally.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Metabolism occurs immediately upon ingestion of a drug; components that are subjected to metabolism are called metabolites. Active ingredients in metabolites that are not absorbed are called unchanged metabolites. What is there not to understand?
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I remind you that not all phenolphthalein is metabolized. If you hold that all phenolphthalein ingested must be metabolized, then you are wrong. We discuss the drug that is absorbed but not metabolized by whatever means.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
phenolphthalein has several metabolites, almost ALL are glucuronidated. Non-glucuronidated metabolites do exist, but they are METABOLITES at any rate!
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
What remains UNCHANGED (in terms of its active ingredient) in the course of metabolism, is termed the UNCHANGED METABOLITE. How difficult is this to understand?
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I remind you of the fact that not all phenolphthalein absorbed or ingested is metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate. The unmetabolized phenolphthalein is "原型药", while phenolphthalein glucuronide is not.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
what does NOT change is that phenolphthalein does become a METABOLITE, meaning that it is subjected to the process of METABOLISM.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Oh my god. I am not having this conversation with you, OF COURSE it isn't ALL metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate, there are several variants of metabolites that phenolphthalein become!
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
It is not a matter of "definition"; it is a matter of "fact". It is impossible that 100% phenolphthalein is metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
When phenophalein is not a metabolite (not ingested, and thus not subject to chemical processes) it is simply called phenophalein, there is no term for it besides its synonymous appellatives.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I come back to my track now! "原型药" is not "unchanged metabolite".
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
phenolphthalein is by definition metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate when ingested, 90% of it is excreted almost entirely in the bile, while the remaining 10% are excreted through faeces or urine.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
How do you term phenolphthalein in its unmetabolized form? Should we term it "原型药"？
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
I have a question for you. Is 100% phenolphthalein metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate? Great chance is that not all of the drug is metabolized in the body and some is still in the unmetabolized form.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Thank you.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
Thanks to the example of phenolphthalein, I understand what you mean now. You are RIGHT.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
No, I meant 原型药物 is the unmetabolized active ingredient---the drug, when metabolized becomes a metabolite, it is unchanged in terms that its active ingredient is not metabolized and excreted.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
If you believe "原型药物" to unmetabolized active ingredient then you are wrong. This is pharmacology 101.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
phenolphthalein is glucuronidated in intestinal mucosa at an activity about 20% of that in the liver, phenolphthalein glucuronide IS the unchanged metabolite of phenolphthalein.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
phenolphthalein IS metabolized, as are ALL drugs in human or animal bodies. It is metabolized to its glucuronide conjugate, and excreted almost entirely in the bile as phenolphthalein glucuronide.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
I don't understand how you find my explanation as unconvincing. It makes complete sense to me, N-tamoxifen is the unchanged metabolite of tamoxifen citrate.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
In my opinion, "原型药物" is an active ingredient that is not metabolized in the body and is thus excreted with its chemical struture and pharmacological actions unchanged.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
Take phenolphthalein for example. This drug is not metabolized in the body and is excreted as unchanged "原型药物".
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
You are right that N-tamoxifen is the unchanged metabolite of tamoxifen citrate. But, is N-tamoxifen the "原型药" of tamoxifen citrate?
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
Anthony: The term you suggested is self-contradictory and your explanations are not convincing enough.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
The difference is what happens to the metabolite, either it remains unchanged and is promptly excreted in urine or faeces, or it undergoes another chemical process for absorption.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Remember Weiping, that drugs lose not only their chemical properties but also their appearance, and inactive additives--the end product of what remains of the drug is what we refer as the "metabolite."
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
Unchanged metabolites are metabolites that though having been structurally changed, (eg., nolvadex or tamoxifen citrate becomes N-tamoxifen in metabolism--this is the unchanged metabolite) remain in essence unchanged.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
drugs are structurally altered or catalyzed during metabolism, they lose their original stoichiometric properties--thats why they become metabolites.
AJL MedCom (X) Aug 7, 2008:
weiping, unchanged=原型药, metabolite=经过代谢改变的药物, what is there not to understand? I have been using it for 6 years.
Weiping Tang Aug 7, 2008:
未经改变的代谢产物（unchanged metabolite）？代谢产物顾名思义就是经过代谢的产物，肯定是改变了的，何来unchanged?!完全文不对题，你选择unchanged drug也比选这个明智呀。

Proposed translations

+1
11 hrs
Selected

unchanged metabolite

10%是以原型药物由尿液排泄出去。 =10% of the drug is excreted as unchanged metabolite.

EG:
1. NAPA is excreted 80% as the unchanged metabolite and therefore readily accumulates in states of renal impairment. Minor metabolites include p-aminobenzoic ...http://books.google.com/books?id=F0n-kBV1Xz8C&pg=PA443&lpg=P...
2. ...ronide parallels that of the unchanged metabolite. The urinary excretion of unchanged bendazac. was higher in the patients with cirrhosis... ";www.springerlink.com/index/Q065058733R88131.pdf
3. ....Further the unchanged metabolite levels in the control muscle biopsies 12 h after the. injury indicated that the animals were in good general condition ...http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=Sho...
4."...feces and in the urine as unchanged ‘metabolite’, the glucuronide conjugate of the. ‘metabolite’, and other minor metabolites. ...
http://www.entereg.com/pdf/prescribing-information.pdf
Peer comment(s):
agree Ritchest
15 hrs
thanks
neutral Weiping Tang : 药物经过代谢必定改变，也就不是原型（原形）了。
19 hrs
that's why it's called "metabolite" (代谢 药物9
Something went wrong...
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thanks!"
9 mins

prototype drug

FYI
Something went wrong...
54 mins

unchanged drug

for reference
Something went wrong...
+1
3 hrs

drug that is not metabolized

据我理解：原型药物是未经体内代谢的药物。因此可以翻译成drug that is not metabolized，供参考！
Peer comment(s):
agree Lu Zou : unmetabolized drug
24 mins
thanks
Something went wrong...
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